The dissertation explores ways in which Christian identity and moral formation inform what I call “political agency.” I define political agency as the capacity to act in order to create and sustain political communities held together by common identities, values, and goods. The critical claim of the dissertation is that existing theological and political-theoretical framings of political agency do not adequately account for the complex ways in which Christian citizens negotiate tensions between competing religious and political logics that inevitably arise in political engagement. Consequently, these framings do not offer a sufficiently complex picture of the moral formations and political identities of Christian citizens. Drawing on field research with Christian activists in Atlanta, I examine the connection between the construction of the moral self and political agency. Christian activists construct moral identities through narratives of the self that render political engagement intelligible. These narratives draw on distinctively American religious and political tropes. The constructive proposal at the end of the dissertation is a Reformed theological framing of political agency informed by John Calvin’s conception of vocation.