The burgeoning study of fatherhood has, up to this point, neglected to examine the connections between religion and male family involvement. Nevertheless, my research indicates that men who are actively affiliated with religious institutions are significantly more active and expressive with their children than unaffiliated men. These relationship hold even for evangelical fathers, a surprising finding given their gender role traditionalism. Building on this research, this dissertation aims (1) to explain the cultural power that religious institutions--specifically: Promise Keepers, evangelicalism, and mainline Protestantism--exert on male family involvement and 2) to account for the paradoxical association between gender role traditionalism and egalitarian family practices among evangelicals. Methodologically, I am relying on a qualitative study of 40 couples, 20 evangelical and 20 mainline, with varying degrees of exposure to Promise Keepers. To supplement my qualitative work, I am also engaging in a quantitative analysis of the General Social Survey and the National Survey of Families and Households. Preliminary findings indicate that religious attendance is positively associated with the extent of male family involvement (e.g., how often a father reads to a child) while religious discourse influences the ways in which that involvement is enacted (e.g., the disciplinary style of the father).