This dissertation examines the liturgical revival in mainline Protestantism in the United States from the early 1920s through the mid-1960s. Many Protestants desired to recover liturgical texts, art works, practices, and theologies from which Puritan iconoclasm, enlightenment rationalism, evangelical revivalism, and theological liberalism had separated them. This recovery was motivated by a quest for a theology and practice that would meet the crises of world war and economic depression as well as reassert the unity and uniqueness of the church amid a culture they were increasingly less willing to acclaim as Christendom. At first classic liturgical forms were valued for their aesthetics, objectivity, and the sense of tradition that they provided. International and ecumenical dialogue together with use of these forms, however, generated a more developed liturgical theology and a critique of many recently recovered traditions. By the 1960s this reoriented liturgical movement was preparing the way for the more radical and widespread liturgical reform to come. This high church impulse was an important aspect of much of neo-orthodoxy and the ecumenical movement. It challenged both traditional divisions between Protestants and Catholics, as well as the individualism undergirding both conservative and liberal Protestantism.